Text / Jianghai off (seak@163.net)
记得在BYTE上看过一篇文章，就是关于大机系统为何稳定，而桌面系统为何容易崩溃，当时作者提出一个重要观点，桌面系统的用户水平不一，且缺少维护。 I remember reading an article on the BYTE, is about why the stability of large systems, and why the desktop is easy to collapse, when the author made an important point, different levels of desktop users, and lack of maintenance. 当然对于许多个人用户来说，电脑只是一般学习娱乐而已，硬盘上并没有什么非常重要的数据，但我还是建议，即使对一般用户及时的备份也有助于你，因为你不至于因为硬盘崩溃丢失了所有的朋友的联系方法，失去了所有重要网址甚至损失几个月的心血。 Of course, for many individual users, only a general learning computer entertainment only, and there is no hard data is very important, but I still recommend, even for the average user in a timely manner will also help you backup, because you will not be lost due to hard drive crashes all the friends of Contact, address and even lost all the important loss of months of effort.
什么需要备份？ What to backup? 面对你装的满满的十个G的大硬盘，你一定为如何备份他发愁，就算是刻碟吧，至少也要十几张，不，千万别弄错，需要备份的不是硬盘杀手WIN98，不是吃掉你 1G空间的visualstatio 98，也不是你装的满满的GAME，真正需要备份的是你自己的工作，是属于你自己的个性化的东西。 You install the full face of the ten G's large hard disk, you must worry about how to back him, even if it is engraved plate, at least dozens, no, do not mistake, is not required to back up hard drive killer WIN98 not eat your 1G space visualstatio 98, do not you install the full GAME, you really need to back up their work, is your own personal things. 举个例子吧，你从联邦买回了游戏《COMMANDOS》，装好了，苦战了数十小时，你感到需要备份了。 Give you an example, you buy the game from the federal "COMMANDOS", installed, and worked hard to dozens of hours, you feel the need to back up. 你需要备份游戏程序吗，当然不用，因为你的光盘上还有，即使你的光盘坏了，你还可以去联邦换，你真正需要备份的是你辛辛苦苦得到的过关密码，和记录你酣战的游戏进度存档。 Do you need to backup games and, of course not, because your CD-ROM as well, even if your CD-ROM is broken, you can go to the federal change, you really need to back up is hard to get your pass password, and record your pitched battle of the game progress archive. 一般的来说，除非你为了能更快的重新灌制系统制作克隆镜 Generally speaking, unless you can quickly re-order system of irrigation systems to produce cloned mirror
象你没有必要完整备份你的系统和应用软件，你需要注意经常备份的包括以下信息。 Like you do not need a full backup of your system and application software, you need to pay attention to regular backups, including the following information.
1、 系统重要的恢复信息，硬盘引导扇区、FAT表、注册表、CMOS设置信息（对新型微机来说并非必要）等等。 1, the system is an important recovery information, the hard disk boot sector, FAT tables, registry, CMOS setup information (on the new computer is not necessary), and so on.
2、 你自己的工作文件：各种重要文档、整理的资料、你编制的程序甚至包括你游戏的进度等等。 2, working document of your own: a variety of important documents, organize data, you programmed your game progress even more.
3、 一些系统设置文件和私人信息，包括MAIL通讯录、重要的MAIL、ICQ信息和地址、浏览器的书签和设置、输入法的知识库等等。 3, a number of system settings files and private information, including MAIL contacts, important MAIL, ICQ messages and addresses, browser bookmarks and settings, input method knowledge base, and so on.
4、 你其他的独门暗器：比如你的硬件驱动程序（特别是存放在软盘上的），你收集的小工具等等以下信息有助你的备份。 4, the rest of your Dip: for example, your hardware drivers (for storing on a floppy disk), you collect small tools, etc. The following information will help you back up.
Mail:一些MAIL系统的邮件地址列表可以倒出的，不过我还是建议你单独在用一个文本文件保留你的联系信息。 Mail: some of the MAIL mailing list system, can be poured, but I suggest you use a separate text file in to keep your contact information. 另外，对于重要信件，你可以另存出来后整理分类保存，当然，对于Foxmail这样比较小的MAIL客户端，你可以连同整个程序目录一同备份，只要把他 COPY回来就好用，但如果你是outlook一族你就要备份95/98目录下的，Application Data这里面有相应的设置信息。 In addition, important letters, you can save it after sorting the save, of course, for such a relatively small Foxmail MAIL client, you can join the program directory with the backup, just like he came back with the COPY, but if you are family you have to backup outlook 95/98 directory, Application Data and there are corresponding settings.
ICQ:你是否有这种历史，重装了ICQ，结果以前的谈话的history都不见了，其实你可以备份ICQ目录下的DB子目录，这里放着你和网友的谈话信息，你可以在重新装ICQ后把备份内容覆盖回去，当你重新把网友加入列表后，你会发现你和他的谈话记录还在。 ICQ: Do you have such a history, reinstall the ICQ, the results of the previous conversation history are gone, in fact, you can backup ICQ DB subdirectory under the directory where you placed the conversation and friends information, you can re- After the contents of the backup ICQ installed covered back, when you re-join the friends list, you will find you and record his conversation still.
浏览器：NETSCAPE下有个USER目录，里面存储了用户的个人信息，如果你只是希望保留你自己的网址书签，那么你可以只备份bookmark.htm,IE用户的收藏夹信息在系统的Favorites目录下，每个连接是一个独立的文件，打个包就可以了。 Browsers: NETSCAPE USER under a directory which stores the user's personal information, if you just want to keep your own web site bookmarks, you can back up only bookmark.htm, IE users information of favorites is the Favorites folder in the system Each connection is a separate file, make a package on it.
输入法：我知道用智能ABC的人很多，智能ABC的知识库的文件名叫tmmr.rem，在system目录下，你如果重装系统后，把这个文件COPY回去，这样你的智能ABC中的自造词就不会丢失了。 Input: I know many people with Intelligent ABC, ABC intelligent knowledge base file name tmmr.rem, in the system directory, if you reinstall the system, COPY this file to go back, so that your Intelligent ABC in Since the coinage would not be lost.
用什么备份？ What backup? 首先说硬件吧，大到磁带机小到软盘都可以，但这完全取决于用户信息的价值、性质与用户的经济实力，对于一般用户来说，我比较推崇的是CD-R，目前一个比较可靠的SCSI接口的内置刻录机价格在2000RMB左右（含卡），我想对一般企业和电脑烧友还说还算可以承受，另外我希望大家知道，如果没有什么重要的信息的话，你买7、8元一张的蓝碟就可以了，拥有了CD-R后，你首先发现的就是硬盘不再那样拥挤不堪，因为你可以定期把东西“倒”到光盘上。 First, it said the hardware, large tape drive to a floppy disk can be small, but it all depends on the value of user information, the nature of the economic strength of the user, for the average user, I am more respected in the CD-R, present a more reliable burner SCSI interface built around the price of 2000RMB (with card), I would like to Shao said general business and computer still can afford, and I hope you know, if there is no important information, you buy 7,8 million a blue disc on it, with a CD-R, you first discovered the hard disk is no longer as crowded as you can regularly put things "back" to the disc. CD-R的另外一个好处是如果你保养的好CD-R是不会损坏的，而磁盘的寿命一定是有限的，特别是目前机器的软驱都不是很可靠。 CD-R, another advantage is that if you maintain a good CD-R is not damaged, and the life of the disk must be limited, especially in the current machine's floppy drive is not very reliable. 除了CD-R你可能会想到CD-RW，但他最大的麻烦是其他光驱无法读出，你也可能会想到ZIP或者MO，但是我感觉他们用来倒数据还可以，用来备份太不实惠了。 In addition to CD-R you may think of CD-RW, but his biggest trouble is the other drive can not read, you might think of ZIP or MO, but I feel they can also be used to back the data used to back up too affordable the. 用第二块硬盘？ With a second hard drive? 成本太高了吧。 It costs too much. 当然有这些设备的人还是要比只能用软盘的人们幸福，我特别 Of course, people who have these devices can only use a floppy disk or the people than the well-being, I am particularly
提起注意的是，不要闲置你的资源，象我们这样年纪或者更老的用户手中可能还积攒着学生时代留下数十张甚至数百张闲置的5.25英寸的软盘，挑选出可靠的，用来做备份不是很好么？ Bring attention to, do not idle your resources, like our age or older with the user in the hands of a student may accumulate dozens or even hundreds left unused 5.25-inch floppy disk, choose a reliable, used to to do the backup is not very good? 就算你没有5.25驱动器，我告诉你，在旧件商那里，你花5-10元就可以买到一个这东西。 5.25 Even if you do not drive, I tell you, in the old pieces of business where you spend 5-10 dollars you can buy a this thing.
备份必须的软件除了你的CD-R、MO、ZIP的驱动和应用程序之外，你可能还需要一些软件，比如压缩软件，最流行的当然是WINZIP了，我在6.3的WINZIP中并没有找到分卷压缩的功能，使用软盘备份时可能还需要文件分割的工具。 Backup software must be in addition to your CD-R, MO, ZIP drive, and outside of the application, you may also need some software, such as compression software, the most popular, of course, WINZIP, and I WINZIP 6.3 and did not find sub-function of volume compression, use a floppy disk backup may also need to file split tool.
关于95/98系统的维护与优化，我不想说更多了，再次建议大家去水木清华windows9x精华区去读一下蓝海的让Pwin95更顺手系列和让PWIN98更顺手系列，，只给出一些个人建议 On the 95/98 system maintenance and optimization, I would not say more, and again suggest that you go SMTH windows9x Digest to read about the Blue Ocean series and more comfortable to Pwin95 more smoothly so PWIN98 series, and only give some personal proposal
1、 建议95/98用户把机器分成两个区，C盘装载系统，一定保证C盘足够大，因为95/98默认使用C盘做虚拟内存，而在D盘存储重要数据或者做重要数据的备份，以我的经验，C盘崩溃的可能性最大。 1, the proposed 95/98 the machine is divided into two areas, C drive loading system, we must ensure that the C drive is large enough, because the 95/98 default C drive to do virtual memory, and in the D drive to store important data or important data to do backup, in my experience, C drive is most likely to collapse. 扩展分区面临的最大问题是兵包含的逻辑分区可能丢失，一般的来说，此时你可以借助NU等工具轻松找回他们而不会受到 The biggest problem facing the extended partition containing logical partitions and soldiers may be lost, in general terms, then you can use tools such as NU will not be easy to retrieve them,
任何数据的损失。 Any data loss.
2、 如果你的硬盘足够大，我建议你把当前你WINDOWS系统安装盘的所有CAB备份在硬盘上，这样安装新硬件或者组件时，会免去你插光盘的苦恼，另外，建议你建一个DRIVER目录，把所有本机硬件的驱动COPY进去。 2, if your hard drive is large enough, I suggest you put your WINDOWS system current all the CAB installation disk backup hard drive, so installing new hardware or components, it will spare you the anguish of the disc inserted, in addition, I suggest you build a DRIVER directory and all the local hardware driver COPY go. 这些都会使你需要重灌系统时，节省不少时间。 These will make you need Zhongguan system, saving a lot of time.
3、 你有必要对发生的崩溃有所准备，至少你要准备一张干净的、与硬盘版本一致的引导盘，如果方便的话，要用你的反病毒软件定期的制作应急盘，但你不见得需要单独准备DOS下的查毒程序因为好的杀毒软件在制作应急盘时，会在盘上COPY一个自身的DOS版本。 3, you need to be prepared for the collapse occurred, at least you have to prepare a clean, consistent with the hard drive version of the boot disk, if convenient, use your anti-virus software regularly making emergency disk, but you can not see was prepared separately under DOS virus scanning program as good anti-virus software in the production of emergency disk when the disk itself on a DOS COPY version.
4、 如果你有条件的话，在机器状态比较理想，安装的应用程序也差不多了的时候，用GHOST PRO做一份硬盘克隆的镜象，你可以把镜象刻在光盘上，总之，用这个镜象恢复将非常迅速。 4, if you able to do so, in the ideal state of the machine, install the application that is about it, when to do a hard disk with GHOST PRO cloned mirror, you can mirror engraved on the disc, in short, use this mirror recovery will be very rapid.
5、 如果你的机器发生了崩溃，但你的机器已经装了好多程序的话，你不见得就要重做，很多时候是因为某些非法操作损害了某个动态连接库而已，如果能猜到是哪个，找相同或更高版本的COPY过来就可以了。 5, if your machine crashes occurred, but your machine has a lot of programs installed, you will not necessarily redo, often because of some damage to the illegal operation of a dynamic link library only, if they can guess Which, looking for the same or higher version of the COPY over it. 如果不行，你不妨覆盖安装一下9X，这会保全你所有的设置，当然这样有可能还是不好使，因为种情况下很多东 西并不更新。 If not, you may wish to cover the installation of about 9X, which will be to preserve all your settings, of course, this may or not make, because the case does not update a lot of things. 但有时会使问题变的简明。 But sometimes the problem will become simple.
写到这里，这个系列就算完成了，题目很大，感觉有些方面过于单薄或者漏掉了，忽略的最多的，就是由于篇幅所限，很多BUG根本就没有提及。 I write to you, even if the completion of this series, the subject lot, feeling in some respects too thin or missing, the most overlooked, is that due to limited space, many BUG simply not mentioned. 我会再争取写一些关于已知各种BUG的总结、关于反病毒的专门性文章和一个数据恢复的手册性东西作为补充。 I will fight for all BUG write a summary of known, anti-virus on specialized data recovery articles and a manual of things as a supplement. 由于中间的时间跨度超过了一年，因此，回头看觉得凌乱而没有整体性，只能希望不算浪费大家的时间。 Since the middle of the time span of more than a year, so messy and not look back that integrity can only hope not to waste everyone's time. 电脑使用同一切事情一样，并没有一步到位的诀窍，一切取决于用户经验的积累，也没有绝对安全可靠的系统，真正万能的是谨慎、维护和备份。 Computer use with all things, and there is no one-step know-how, all depending on the user experience, there is no absolutely safe and reliable system is truly universal care, maintenance and backup. 用一个特定的方式结束这个系列吧—— A specific way to end this series it -
曾经有一个备份的念头在我脑海中，我却没有去做，等到硬盘崩溃了才悔恨不已，如果重新给我一个机会，我一定对我的数据说那三个字，“备份吧”，如果给这件事一个周期，我希望是——每周一次。 There was a backup idea in my mind, I did not do it, until the hard drive crashes before remorse, if you give me a chance again, I must say that the data on my words, "back bar", if to this cycle, I hope - once a week.
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